You can use the past participle in perfect tenses, as an adjective, as a noun, and with other verbs. To provide – provided Uses of the Past Participles in Spanish
They mean exactly the same-it’s just that you can use them in different ways, which we’ll explore below. This is due to the common usage people have given to these verbs throughout the years. Some verbs have two accepted past participles. To make – made The Strange Case of Verbs with Two Past Participles How do you know when to use which ending? Well, I wish there was more I could tell you about it, aside from “It’s just the way it is.” Ultimately, the only way to learn these irregular past participles is to memorize them and frequently inject them into your daily conversations in Spanish. Instead of adding -ado, -ido, these verbs include one of the following endings: -to, -so, -cho. However, even irregular verbs have easy-to-remember past participle endings. In the case of past participles, these come in the form of irregular verbs. To smile – smiled Irregular Past ParticiplesĪs usual in Spanish, even the most straightforward grammar situations have exceptions and peculiarities. There only exist two endings for past participles of regular verbs: -ado and -ido.Īll Spanish verbs that as infinitive end in -ar, in past participle end in -ado:Īll Spanish verbs that as infinitive end in -er or -ir, in past participle end in -ido:
PAST PARTICIPLE HOW TO
How to Form Past ParticiplesĪ good thing about past participles is that they never change and that they’re quite easy to form. These useful verb forms are commonly used with perfect tenses and can play different roles in a sentence, as we’ll see in a moment. In other words, past participles don’t show any tense. Let’s see if you’ve mastered the contents of this class.Past participles are verb forms that don’t change according to when an action takes place. Now, discover when and how to use all Italian past tenses! Non ho potuto dirglielo perché era andato via. ( I couldn’t tell him because he went away)Ĭome hanno saputo del vostro divorzio? ( How did they know about your divorce?) Oggi devi fare quello che non hai voluto fare ieri. ( Today you must do what you didn’t want to do yesterday) Ha dovuto lasciare il lavoro per dei litigi. ( He had to leave his job for some fights) The past participle of the modal verbs is: Leopardi ha scritto «A Silvia». ( Leopardi wrote “A Silvia”) MODAL VERBS Ti ha chiesto gli orari del treno? ( Did he ask you the train timings?)
Ieri sera abbiamo bevuto un cocktail ai lamponi davvero eccezionale! ( Yesterday evening we drank a raspberry cocktail which was exceptional!) Hai detto una cosa che mi ha ferita molto ( You said something that hurt me) However, the past participle is very irregular! Here you are a list with the most frequent verbs having an irregular past participle… accendere Ieri abbiamo mangiato la lasagna, che buona! Poi nel pomeriggio siamo partit i per gli Stati Uniti. ( Yesterday we had lasagna, how delicious it was! Then in the afternoon we left for the USA) The same happens to the other verbs (according to their auxiliaries): MANGI ARE When the auxiliary is “essere”, the past participle always agrees in gender and number with the subject → Laura è stat a brava, invece Paolo e Luca sono stat i cattivi ( Laura behaved well, while Paolo and Luca behaved badly) Sono i giocattoli che i bambini hanno avuto a Natale. ( These are the toys the children received for Christmas) Stamattina siamo stati dal dentista. ( This morning we went to the dentist) Now, let’s see how to form the passato prossimo of the auxiliaries: ESSERE The past participle of the verbs in -I RE is formed by adding the ending -i to. Example: conosc ere → conosci uto (here before the ending -uto we put an “i” just for the sound) The past participle of the verbs in -E RE is formed by adding the ending -uto. The past participle of the verbs in – AREis formed by adding the ending – ato.
The past participle of the verb “ avere “ is → avuto The past participle of the verb “ essere“ is → stato The past participle of a verb is very important to form its compound tenses (included passato prossimo). Still doubts about “essere” and “avere” and how to use them as auxiliaries? Watch our lesson! Present indicative of the auxiliary ( essere or avere) + Past participle of the verb The passato prossimo is an indicative tense that expresses the past and, differently from the imperfect indicative, it is a compound tense. Let’s find out how to form it: The indicative is the most common and frequent verbal mood and it is used to indicate a fact, an action or an idea that are real, certain and objective. Find out how to form passato prossimo and past participle in Italian! In this video-lesson you will find all the endings, the rules, the modal verbs, the auxiliaries and… obviously even the irregular verbs!